Maybe heard of everything about arthritis (deformed osteoarthritis).Diseases are included in the first three diseases of musculoskeletal instruments.But despite its popularity, not everyone can say with confidence that he has complete information about this joint disease.Since osteoarthritis in the lower limbs is most often diagnosed, we will explain in detail the joints of the knee and its treatments.
A brief introduction to the knee joints
So, what is this - arthritis in the knee joint, how much do we know about it?In medicine, there are several names, each disease characterizing pathological characteristics.
Therefore, the term “Gonarlthrosis” clearly shows where the pathological process develops (from Gorney – Knee).
The name "arthritis" (joint-joint) refers to the disease in which degeneration and atrophy of the cartilage tissue occurs.
There is another most accurate concept - deformation osteoarthritis.Due to the long pathology of flow, it affects not only the surface of the knee joint, but also nearby ligaments, tendons and muscles.Blood circulation worsens, trophy (nutrition) is frustrating, and metabolism in surrounding tissues is disturbed.The cartilage becomes thinner and destroyed quickly, forming bone growth (boneous plants) on the lateral surface of the joint, and the ligaments become thicker and lose elasticity.All of this leads to increasingly tight restrictions on joint mobility until there is no movement at all.
The main cause of the disease is age-related changes.In addition, there are many other factors that cause joint development:
- Various injuries to lower limbs;
- Weight gain;
- A sedentary lifestyle;
- hereditary tendency to musculoskeletal system;
- Violating metabolism.
The disease develops slowly and for several years, the symptoms of joint damage have not existed.However, degenerate changes occur gradually in the joint structure.As a result, pain and tightness occur when walking, limiting the mobility of the knee, and atrophy of muscles near the thighs and atrophy of the lower leg develops.
The symptoms of deformed osteoarthritis depend on the extent of damage to the knee joint, becoming more intense and acute as the process progresses.
Therefore, don't postpone visiting a doctor.It must be remembered that it is impossible to cure arthritis in the end, but it is very likely to suspend its development.Earlier therapy begins, with more chances of successful outcomes and lowers the risk of complications.
Disease treatment methods
If the patient asks a question: "Doctor, I have a knee joint, please tell me how and how to treat it" - he will most likely not get a clear and specific answer.Honarrosis therapy is a long process that includes the entire treatment.Treatment of any pathology is always started with the collection of hemorrhage and diagnosis.
When planning a treatment strategy, the doctor considers the patient's age, stage of the disease, degree of joint damage, the presence and severity of pain syndrome.There is no unified therapy for knee osteoarthritis, and a drug that can help everyone.The struggle against joint pathology should be complex, including not only drugs, but also physical therapy procedures, therapeutic exercises and traditional medical recipes.With all conservative measures failing, surgical interventions were performed.
Drug Therapy
All drugs used in the fight against deformed osteoarthritis can be divided into two groups:
- Drugs that relieve the main symptoms of the disease (non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoid hormone);
- Meaning to restore the joint and prevent further damage (cartilage protectors, including hyaluronic acid).
Treatment of adenotropic cancer always starts with the first group of drugs, which quickly eliminates pain syndrome.The pain that patients suffer the most is joint pain.
NSAID
Non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs are used to eliminate severe pain, discomfort, edema removal and inflammation in joints and nearby tissues.These drugs can be administered orally, intramuscularly or topically directly in affected joint areas.
For external use, various ointments and gels are used.Usually, the anesthesia effect occurs very quickly and lasts for several hours.These ointments are also good for long-term use and coordinate the duration of the course with the subject expert.
Because of their many side effects, the treatment process for using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is no longer than two weeks.
Therefore, cautious NSAIDS is prescribed for patients with chronic diseases in the gastrointestinal tract and elderly patients.
Corticosteroids
If NSAID treatment is ineffective and pain syndrome, the doctor can prescribe - intra-articular hormone medication.They act more efficiently than drugs in the nonsteroid group.
Due to many adverse consequences, glucocorticoid hormone is introduced into the joint lumen of the affected knee, no more than every 10-14 days, and only during periods of significant aggravation.
Cartilage Protectant
Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates prevent further joint damage and help restore the surface of the cartilage plate.
Cartilage protectors improve nutrition in the tissues in the joints by saturating synovial fluid with necessary trace elements to reduce pain, edema and inflammation.They can be used in the form of tablets, ointments, intra-articular injections.
The drug treatment process for restoring the cartilage structure lasts for at least 4-5 months.The result is a lasting and prolonged effect over several years.
When it comes to cartilage protectors, people cannot ignore Generation III.In addition to cartilage protectors, these products also contain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory supplements, which makes it possible to reduce the amount of medications taken and get good results.
Hyaluronic acid preparations are almost sufficient to make the synovial fluid in its composition.After hitting the joint, the substance creates a film on the surface of the cartilage plate, protecting them during movement.
Intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid was prescribed only during the continuous remission period.
Surgical treatment
Surgical interventions are used only in extreme cases where conservative treatment has no positive results.Modern medicine has different ways of doing it, and these operations vary at the level of trauma:
- Arthroscopy- The mildest method of surgical intervention.It can be used even in the early stages of the knee joint.The program is suitable for young people who live an active lifestyle and can be repeated if necessary.
- Osteotomy.The surgery is prescribed for patients with severe joint deformation.During the process, artificial fracture of the deformed bone was performed.Then, the expert provides it with the right anatomical and physiological fusion.
- Opthetics.The most aggressive type of surgical intervention.During operation, the connector is replaced by an implant.Despite the complexity of the duration of execution and recovery, endoplants are the best alternative to joint fixation (joints at the end of the joint to complete joint fixation).
Physical therapy for knee joint treatment
Physical therapy procedures are very effective in the initial stages of disease development.They quickly eliminate pain, relieve muscle cramps, prevent cartilage from destruction and accelerate their regeneration.
Using physical therapy measures, medication can be administered directly through the skin to the affected joints.In most cases, along with the joints of the knee, the following physical therapists are prescribed:
- Magnetic therapy (10-20 courses);
- Medical bath (ra, mud, double plant, hydrogen sulfide);
- Medium volume ultraviolet irradiation (6-7 times);
- UHF-Therapy;
- Electrophoresis, anti-inflammatory, blood vessels, and analgesic solutions;
- dasonvalization;
- Laser treatment (at least 10 times).
To determine which treatment method is required in a particular situation, the duration of the treatment process can only be an expert, focusing on the extent of damage to the joints, the age of the patient, and the presence of the disease among him.
Exercise therapy
Treatment of gymnastics is one of the components of successful treatments for successful deformed osteoarthritis.Charging will strengthen muscles, improve blood circulation, and restore joint flexibility to loss.
About a set of exercises
Select a course for each patient.LFK must be involved regularly to gradually increase the load on the joints.It is best to do a few exercises a day for 10-15 minutes.
After exercising at night, it is recommended to shower with a comfortable water temperature, then you need to wipe the patient with a towel and massage with an anti-inflammatory ointment.
Folk therapy treatment
Folk treatments are very popular among patients with knee joints.A variety of compression, friction and ointments are widely used.You need to consult a doctor before using traditional medical recipes.It must be remembered that under no circumstances will they replace the primary drug therapy.
For severe joint pain, you can prepare 100 grams of honey and a tablespoon of food salt to compress.The process is completed at night.
In patients, warming compression of salt, sand or grain is very popular.Make them easy - enough to heat the selected product into the pan, pour it into the bag, in a hot but not burning state, and then attach to the joints.
In addition to these methods, to combat arthritis in the knee, you can also use paraffin, cabbage or calf leaf applications.
When applying recipes to traditional medicine, it is important to remember that with their help, there is no cure for the adenitis.You can only reduce the manifestation of the disease and improve the quality of human life.
in conclusion
To prevent age-related joint deformation, it is necessary to exercise regularly, monitor the correct nutrition, avoid injuries and wear comfortable shoes.If knee discomfort occurs, you must contact your doctor immediately.Only experts can diagnose and say how to treat arthritis in the knee.Self-assays only exacerbate the disease.